What defines a failure effect in FMECA?

A failure effect in Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) describes the consequences of a failure within the system or item itself and its impact on other components or processes. This concept is essential because it allows engineers and reliability practitioners to understand not only what might fail but also what the ramifications of that failure could be—whether that’s reduced performance, hazardous conditions, or complete system shutdown.

By focusing on the consequences, practitioners can prioritize which failure modes require more attention based on their severity and the potential impact on safety, operations, and maintenance. This holistic approach enables more effective risk management and helps guide the development of strategies to mitigate potential failures before they occur.

In contrast, evaluating financial consequences, identifying root causes, or assessing likelihood focuses on different aspects of failure analysis and reliability engineering, making them essential but distinct concepts from the definition of failure effects.